What are chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps?
Chronic rhinosinusitis describes persistent inflammation affecting the nose and sinuses. Symptoms can include nasal blockage, discharge or post-nasal drip, reduced smell and facial pressure. Nasal polyps are soft, non-cancerous swellings that may contribute to blockage and loss of smell.
When might specialist assessment help?
- Symptoms persisting despite appropriate medical treatment
- Recurrent episodes of sinus disease
- Significant nasal blockage or impaired smell
- Suspected or known nasal polyps
- Predominantly one-sided or otherwise unusual symptoms
What happens at consultation?
The consultation focuses on the pattern and duration of symptoms, previous treatment, asthma/allergy history, previous nasal surgery and relevant medications. Nasal endoscopy may be recommended. CT imaging is used selectively when it will help diagnosis or surgical planning.
Treatment
Many patients are treated medically, often with saline irrigation and topical nasal steroid treatment when appropriate. The exact plan depends on diagnosis and individual factors. Surgery may be discussed when symptoms remain troublesome despite appropriate medical treatment or when there is another specific indication.
When surgery is considered
Endoscopic sinus surgery aims to improve access and drainage through the natural sinus pathways and, in chronic inflammatory disease, can also help topical treatments reach the sinus cavities more effectively. Surgery does not remove the underlying tendency to inflammation, so ongoing medical treatment may still be required.